Corporation Cymdeithas

Standard

Corporation Cymdeithas
Llun trwy Garedigrwydd Archifau a Chasgliadau Arbennig, Prifysgol Bangor
Photograph courtesy of Archives and Special Collections, Bangor University

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Dyma ‘Corporation Cymdeithas’ sydd ar dudalen 87 o lawysgrif Bangor 2296, sef llawysgrif Robert Thomas o Gaernarfon (darllenwch fwy o wybodaeth am lawysgrif Robert Thomas yma).

Mae’n ymddangos fod yr alaw hon wedi cipio dychymyg nifer o gerddorion wrth i fersiynau eithaf gwahanol ohoni (ond gyda’r un syniad o ran siâp yr alaw) ymddangos mewn nifer o ffynonellau tebyg o’r cyfnod. Rhai enghreifftiau fyddai:
‘Corporation’ – Rhif 59 a 358 o gyfrol Alawon John Thomas (gol. Cass Meurig, Aberystwyth, 2004, Tudalennau 19 a 108)
‘Coporasion’ – Llawysgrif Morris Edwards (Archifau Prifysgol Bangor, Llsg. 2298, c.1778)

Mae’n ddiddorol y bod teitl ‘Corporation Cymdeithas’ ychydig yn wahanol i’r teitlau uchod – mae’n bosib y bod Robert Thomas wedi gwneud ymgais ar gyfieithu ‘Corporation’ i’r Gymraeg.

Yn ol Cass Meurig (gol. Cass Meurig, Aberystwyth, 2004, tud. 137), roedd yr alaw yn cael ei ddefnyddio ar gyfer carolau ym mesur yr awdl-gywydd. Efallai y bod hyn yn egluro pam fod 10 bar yn yr ail hanner yn lle’r 8 a fyddai’n ddisgwyliedig.

Yn ôl defnydd arferol, rwyf wedi golygu y nodau minim ar ddiwedd pob cymal i fod yn grosiet a dot.

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This is ‘Corporation Cymdeithas’, which roughly translates to ‘Society Corporation’. It’s found on page 87 of the Bangor 2296 manuscript, which is Robert Thomas from Caernarfon’s manuscript (you can find more information about the Robert Thomas manuscript here).

It appears that this tune took the imagination of musicians at the time because many versions of it appear in similar sources. These vary largely but all have the same shape to the tune and a similar structure. Examples include:
‘Corporation’ – Nos. 59 and 358 of Alawon John Thomas (ed. Cass Meurig, Aberystwyth, 2004, Pages 19 and 108)
‘Coporasion’ – Morris Edwards’ manuscript (Bangor University Archives, Llsg. 2298, c.1778)

According to Cass Meurig (ed. Cass Meurig, Aberystwyth, 2004, p. 137), the tune ‘was used for Welsh carolau in the awdl-gywydd metre.’

To fit the usual use, I’ve edited the minim at the end of each phrase to be a dotted crotchet.

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Ewch yma i weld yr alaw mewn nodiant safonol/Click here to see the tune in standard notationCorporation Cymdeithas

Dyma nodiant abc o’r alaw/Here’s the melody in abc notationCorporation Cymdeithas

Dyma fi yn chwarae’r alaw ar y ffidil, os hoffech ddygsgu’r alaw wrth glust:
Here’s me playing the melody on the fiddle, if you’d like to learn the tune by listening:

 

 

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